{"id":1577,"date":"2025-05-01T15:28:42","date_gmt":"2025-05-01T15:28:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nutricardio.ro\/?p=1577"},"modified":"2026-01-24T15:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T15:26:33","slug":"tulburari-sistemice-in-diabetul-zaharat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nutricardio.ro\/tulburari-sistemice-in-diabetul-zaharat\/","title":{"rendered":"Tulbur\u0103ri sistemice \u00een diabetul zaharat"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"\" data-start=\"224\" data-end=\"543\">Mai mult dec\u00e2t oricare alt\u0103 afec\u021biune cronic\u0103, <strong data-start=\"271\" data-end=\"339\">diabetul zaharat se dovede\u0219te a fi o boal\u0103 a \u00eentregului organism<\/strong>. Direct sau indirect, mai mult sau mai pu\u021bin, <strong data-start=\"386\" data-end=\"472\">toate c\u0103ile metabolice, toate celulele, \u021besuturile \u0219i organele prezint\u0103 modific\u0103ri<\/strong>, a c\u0103ror amploare depinde \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 de trei factori determinan\u021bi:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"545\" data-end=\"790\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"545\" data-end=\"610\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"610\"><strong data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"581\">Bagajul genetic al individului<\/strong> (susceptibilitate ereditar\u0103)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"611\" data-end=\"714\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"613\" data-end=\"714\"><strong data-start=\"613\" data-end=\"649\">Gradul dezechilibrului metabolic<\/strong> (\u00een special severitatea hiperglicemiei \u0219i a insulinorezisten\u021bei)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"715\" data-end=\"790\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"717\" data-end=\"790\"><strong data-start=\"717\" data-end=\"754\">Durata expunerii la hiperglicemie<\/strong> (controlul glicemic pe termen lung)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"1072\">Parcurg\u00e2nd multiplele tulbur\u0103ri sistemice men\u021bionate anterior, <strong data-start=\"855\" data-end=\"894\">trebuie f\u0103cut\u0103 o remarc\u0103 important\u0103<\/strong>:<br data-start=\"895\" data-end=\"898\" \/><strong data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"951\">Apari\u021bia acestor complica\u021bii NU este obligatorie.<\/strong> Ele pot fi prevenite \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 dac\u0103 se reu\u0219e\u0219te <strong data-start=\"1005\" data-end=\"1072\">corectarea cauzei primare \u0219i esen\u021biale \u2013 hiperglicemia cronic\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1074\" data-end=\"1381\">Controlul glicemic riguros, asociat cu un stil de via\u021b\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tos (diet\u0103 echilibrat\u0103, activitate fizic\u0103 regulat\u0103, combaterea stresului), poate <strong data-start=\"1215\" data-end=\"1277\">\u00eencetini sau chiar opri progresia complica\u021biilor diabetice<\/strong>, contribuind la p\u0103strarea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii pacientului \u0219i la reducerea mortalit\u0103\u021bii premature asociate.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"\" data-start=\"164\" data-end=\"210\"><strong data-start=\"167\" data-end=\"210\">Tulbur\u0103ri sistemice \u00een diabetul zaharat<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"212\" data-end=\"466\">Diabetul zaharat este o boal\u0103 metabolic\u0103 cronic\u0103, cu impact sistemic, afect\u00e2nd multiple organe \u0219i sisteme prin mecanisme directe (hiperglicemie cronic\u0103, stres oxidativ, inflama\u021bie) \u0219i indirecte (complica\u021bii vasculare, neuropatie, disfunc\u021bii endocrine).<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"468\" data-end=\"504\"><strong data-start=\"472\" data-end=\"504\">1. Tulbur\u0103ri cardiovasculare<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"505\" data-end=\"997\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"505\" data-end=\"593\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"593\"><strong data-start=\"507\" data-end=\"535\">Ateroscleroz\u0103 accelerat\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 principala cauz\u0103 de mortalitate la pacien\u021bii diabetici.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"594\" data-end=\"699\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"596\" data-end=\"699\"><strong data-start=\"596\" data-end=\"624\">Cardiomiopatie diabetic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 afectare direct\u0103 a mu\u0219chiului cardiac, independent de boala coronarian\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"700\" data-end=\"814\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"702\" data-end=\"814\"><strong data-start=\"702\" data-end=\"729\">Hipertensiune arterial\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 prezent\u0103 la peste 70% dintre diabetici, contribuie la afectarea renal\u0103 \u0219i ocular\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"815\" data-end=\"895\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"817\" data-end=\"895\"><strong data-start=\"817\" data-end=\"867\">Boal\u0103 coronarian\u0103 ischemic\u0103, infarct miocardic<\/strong> \u2013 risc de 2\u20134 ori mai mare.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"997\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"997\"><strong data-start=\"898\" data-end=\"937\">Accidente vasculare cerebrale (AVC)<\/strong> \u2013 risc crescut semnificativ, mai ales la diabetul de tip 2.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"999\" data-end=\"1031\"><strong data-start=\"1003\" data-end=\"1031\">2. Tulbur\u0103ri neurologice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1032\" data-end=\"1440\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1032\" data-end=\"1145\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1034\" data-end=\"1145\"><strong data-start=\"1034\" data-end=\"1069\">Neuropatie diabetic\u0103 periferic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 afectare senzitiv\u0103, motorie sau mixt\u0103, cu risc de ulcera\u021bii \u0219i amputa\u021bii.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1146\" data-end=\"1323\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1148\" data-end=\"1323\"><strong data-start=\"1148\" data-end=\"1171\">Neuropatie autonom\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 disfunc\u021bii gastrointestinale (gastroparez\u0103), cardiovasculare (hipotensiune ortostatic\u0103), urinare (vezic\u0103 neurogen\u0103) \u0219i sexuale (disfunc\u021bie erectil\u0103).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1324\" data-end=\"1440\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1326\" data-end=\"1440\"><strong data-start=\"1326\" data-end=\"1362\">Polineuropatie simetric\u0103 distal\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 cea mai frecvent\u0103 form\u0103, cu parestezii \u0219i dureri &#8222;\u00een ciorapi&#8221; sau &#8222;m\u0103nu\u0219i&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1442\" data-end=\"1469\"><strong data-start=\"1446\" data-end=\"1469\">3. Tulbur\u0103ri renale<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1470\" data-end=\"1684\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1470\" data-end=\"1612\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1612\"><strong data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1496\">Nefropatia diabetic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 afectarea glomerular\u0103 progresiv\u0103, cu proteinurie, hipertensiune \u0219i risc de insuficien\u021b\u0103 renal\u0103 cronic\u0103 terminal\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1613\" data-end=\"1684\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1615\" data-end=\"1684\">Diabetul este <strong data-start=\"1629\" data-end=\"1675\">cea mai frecvent\u0103 cauz\u0103 de dializ\u0103 cronic\u0103<\/strong> \u00een lume.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1686\" data-end=\"1714\"><strong data-start=\"1690\" data-end=\"1714\">4. Tulbur\u0103ri oculare<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1715\" data-end=\"1960\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1715\" data-end=\"1798\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1798\"><strong data-start=\"1717\" data-end=\"1742\">Retinopatie diabetic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 afecteaz\u0103 capilarele retiniene; poate duce la orbire.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1799\" data-end=\"1869\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1801\" data-end=\"1869\"><strong data-start=\"1801\" data-end=\"1822\">Cataract\u0103 precoce<\/strong> \u2013 hiperglicemia cronic\u0103 afecteaz\u0103 cristalinul.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1870\" data-end=\"1960\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1872\" data-end=\"1960\"><strong data-start=\"1872\" data-end=\"1892\">Glaucom secundar<\/strong> \u2013 cre\u0219terea presiunii intraoculare asociat\u0103 cu afectarea vascular\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1962\" data-end=\"1996\"><strong data-start=\"1966\" data-end=\"1996\">5. Tulbur\u0103ri dermatologice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1997\" data-end=\"2209\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"1997\" data-end=\"2054\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1999\" data-end=\"2054\"><strong data-start=\"1999\" data-end=\"2030\">Infec\u021bii cutanate recurente<\/strong> (candidoz\u0103, foliculite)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2055\" data-end=\"2109\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2057\" data-end=\"2109\"><strong data-start=\"2057\" data-end=\"2081\">Dermopatie diabetic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 pete pigmentate pe gambe.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2110\" data-end=\"2149\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2112\" data-end=\"2149\"><strong data-start=\"2112\" data-end=\"2149\">Necrobioz\u0103 lipoidic\u0103 diabeticorum<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2150\" data-end=\"2209\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2152\" data-end=\"2209\"><strong data-start=\"2152\" data-end=\"2169\">Lipodistrofii<\/strong> \u2013 la locurile de injectare a insulinei.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2211\" data-end=\"2249\"><strong data-start=\"2215\" data-end=\"2249\">6. Tulbur\u0103ri gastrointestinale<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"2250\" data-end=\"2512\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2250\" data-end=\"2337\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2252\" data-end=\"2337\"><strong data-start=\"2252\" data-end=\"2278\">Gastroparez\u0103 diabetic\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 \u00eent\u00e2rzierea golirii gastrice, grea\u021b\u0103, sa\u021bietate precoce.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2338\" data-end=\"2421\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2340\" data-end=\"2421\"><strong data-start=\"2340\" data-end=\"2377\">Diaree sau constipa\u021bie alternant\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 prin afectarea sistemului nervos enteric.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2422\" data-end=\"2512\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2424\" data-end=\"2512\"><strong data-start=\"2424\" data-end=\"2471\">Steatoz\u0103 hepatic\u0103 (ficat gras non-alcoolic)<\/strong> \u2013 foarte frecvent\u0103 \u00een diabetul de tip 2.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2514\" data-end=\"2562\"><strong data-start=\"2518\" data-end=\"2562\">7. Tulbur\u0103ri hematologice \u0219i imunologice<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2563\" data-end=\"2834\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2563\" data-end=\"2663\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2565\" data-end=\"2663\"><strong data-start=\"2565\" data-end=\"2592\">Leucocitoz\u0103 func\u021bional\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 cu sc\u0103derea eficien\u021bei celulelor imune, cresc\u00e2nd riscul de infec\u021bii.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2664\" data-end=\"2740\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2666\" data-end=\"2740\"><strong data-start=\"2666\" data-end=\"2703\">Inflama\u021bie cronic\u0103 de grad sc\u0103zut<\/strong> \u2013 asociat\u0103 cu complica\u021bii vasculare.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2741\" data-end=\"2834\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"2834\"><strong data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"2771\">Risc crescut de infec\u021bii<\/strong> \u2013 pielonefrite, infec\u021bii urinare, pneumonii, infec\u021bii fungice.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2836\" data-end=\"2875\"><strong data-start=\"2840\" data-end=\"2875\">8. Tulbur\u0103ri musculo-scheletale<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2876\" data-end=\"3054\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2876\" data-end=\"2906\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"2906\"><strong data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"2906\">Sindrom de tunel carpian<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2907\" data-end=\"2985\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2909\" data-end=\"2985\"><strong data-start=\"2909\" data-end=\"2931\">Artropatie Charcot<\/strong> \u2013 afectare distrug\u0103toare a articula\u021biilor piciorului.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"2986\" data-end=\"3054\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2988\" data-end=\"3054\"><strong data-start=\"2988\" data-end=\"3033\">Limitarea mobilit\u0103\u021bii articula\u021biilor mici<\/strong> \u2013 mai ales la m\u00e2ini.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3056\" data-end=\"3097\"><strong data-start=\"3060\" data-end=\"3097\">9. Tulbur\u0103ri psihice \u0219i cognitive<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3098\" data-end=\"3327\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"3098\" data-end=\"3150\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3100\" data-end=\"3150\"><strong data-start=\"3100\" data-end=\"3112\">Depresie<\/strong> \u2013 frecvent\u0103, adesea subdiagnosticat\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"3151\" data-end=\"3265\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3265\"><strong data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3194\">Tulbur\u0103ri cognitive u\u0219oare \u0219i demen\u021b\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 risc crescut, \u00een special la v\u00e2rstnici \u0219i \u00een diabetul slab controlat.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"3266\" data-end=\"3327\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3268\" data-end=\"3327\"><strong data-start=\"3268\" data-end=\"3295\">Anxietate, stres cronic<\/strong> \u2013 agraveaz\u0103 controlul glicemic.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"\" data-start=\"3329\" data-end=\"3332\" \/>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3334\" data-end=\"3554\">Tulbur\u0103ri sistemice \u00een diabetul zaharat\u00a0reflect\u0103 complexitatea bolii \u0219i justific\u0103 abordarea ei multidisciplinar\u0103. Preven\u021bia complica\u021biilor prin control glicemic strict, screening regulat \u0219i tratament precoce este esen\u021bial\u0103.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4665\" data-end=\"5351\">Documentat din: Medicina Interna Bolile Cardiovasculare si Metabolice vol 2.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4665\" data-end=\"5351\">Publicatia Editura Medicala, prof. dr. L. Gherasim<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4665\" data-end=\"5351\">Citeste si:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/nutricardio.ro\/diagnosticul-rezistentei-la-insulina-factori-de-mediu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Diagnosticul rezisten\u021bei la insulin\u0103. Factori de mediu<\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4665\" data-end=\"5351\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61572639073054\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook Nutricardio Magazine<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mai mult dec\u00e2t oricare alt\u0103 afec\u021biune cronic\u0103, diabetul zaharat se dovede\u0219te a fi o boal\u0103 a \u00eentregului organism. Direct sau<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1581,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[868,4],"tags":[477,480,479,478],"class_list":["post-1577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole-diabet-si-boli-metabolice","category-nutritie","tag-tulburari-cardiovasculare","tag-tulburari-gastrointestinale","tag-tulburari-oculare","tag-tulburari-renale"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tulbur\u0103ri sistemice \u00een diabetul zaharat - Cabinet NutriCardio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tulbur\u0103ri sistemice \u00een diabetul zaharat afecteaz\u0103 organe vitale \u0219i pot fi prevenite prin controlul glicemiei \u0219i modificarea stilului de via\u021b\u0103.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nutricardio.ro\/tulburari-sistemice-in-diabetul-zaharat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tulbur\u0103ri sistemice \u00een diabetul zaharat - 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